Solar Electric Power
1 W = 1 Watt for one second.
1 WH = 1 Watt for one hour = 1W * 60Sec * 60 Min = 3600 Watts for one second.
1 Hour = 60Sec * 60 Min
100 Wh = 100 Watt Hours = 100W * 60Sec * 60 Min = 360000 Watts for one second.
When the electric power comes from the Solar Panel (SP1), it is fed to the Solar Charger (SC1) in order to provide the correct charging current for the batteries.
1. If you are confused by any of the statements below, just use this rule of thumb. You charge the batteries with 100 Watts per hour for 10 hours and extract 100 or more Watts at night for a period that is less than 10 hours and the circuit components suppliers should take care of the rest.
2. Note that in this example design, the charging current is fed to each battery through a Full Wave Rectifier (RT1). The rectifiers shown prevents current flowing in any wrong directions at any given time or state of the circuit.
3. Individual chargers could have been integrated into each battery, but one would still keep the rectifiers. You will have to see what is available on your market.
4. The real amount of actual convertible sunlight will vary during the day. This means that, if you are the person that wants to make a trade out of providing this type of energy, you will need to make some measurements on the system(s) that you plan to assemble, sell and build for others in your area.
5. Example: By assuming that you need about 1 KWH of energy per day per person from a 150 WH solar panel, you will probably be on the right path with a about a 1 square Meter Solar Panel (SP1), because 150 WH * 10 Hours = 1500 WH (1.5KWH). Assume also that you loose the extra 500WH due to fluctuations in the amount of sunlight that is actually reaching the solar panel at any given time. Assume also that the batteries are charged with a constant current that will not go above a certain value, even if more sunlight is available.
6. Note the connections that are coming out of the Solar Charger (SC1) and going directly to the Up Converter (UPC). That is the unused power that would usually not go anywhere, when there is more solar energy available than the batteries need. In this design, it is passed directly to the Up Converter (UPC) unit for immediate use.
Example: The batteries may have already been recharged by 12:00 midday.
7. If your government can induce companies to set up production in your country or in a country near you, with whom you can trade, you will be able to get all the components that you need at prices that your own population can afford.
8. Once you have electric power, you have your work horse and can step to the next challenge, which is really clean water (SOLAR ROOF).
9. The next step could be a small two wheel electric vehicle for which one would have two sets of batteries. 30 KM radius is probably sufficient for the average person's daily life. A simpler built in distance controller would serve to reduce it's speed when obstacle are in it's way, in places such as markets etc. If a vehicle owner is living in an area that is made up of animal reservations, there would be no need to build tracks that are wide enough for cars. Put a few fishes or a farm animal on the back. With the battery technology, cooled or frozen fish would not be a problem. Let your technologists think about how to transport farm animals, whereby a low center of gravity is important. One would just fix a different scaffolding in to the trailer in order to suits the job. Proper roads and railways will probably all lead to mining areas. Light helmets and cricket type pads that are designed for tropical areas would also be good technology introduction, because leather suites are unsuitable.
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Designing solar electric power collection to be safe during operation
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